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Peppered maskray
The peppered maskray or speckled maskray (''Neotrygon picta'') is a species of stingray in the family Dasyatidae, found in shallow waters off northeastern Australia. This small, thin-bodied ray attains a maximum width of . It has a diamond-shaped pectoral fin disc with a row of tiny thorns along the midline, and a relatively short, whip-like tail with both upper and lower fin folds. Its upper surface has a speckled color pattern consisting of black spots and brownish reticulations on a light yellow to brown background.
Favoring soft-bottomed habitats, the peppered maskray is a bottom-dwelling predator consuming mainly crustaceans (particularly caridean shrimp) and polychaete worms. It is viviparous, with litter sizes of one to three. The females supply their developing young with histotroph ("uterine milk") during gestation. Although the peppered maskray is a frequent bycatch of bottom trawl fisheries, it is still common and significant portions of its population appear to lie within unfished waters. As a result, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has assessed it as Least Concern.
==Taxonomy and phylogeny==
Once thought to be a color morph of the painted maskray (''N. leylandi''), the peppered maskray was recognized as a distinct species based on molecular data collected for the Barcode of Life project. It was described by Peter Last and William White in a 2008 Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) publication. Their account was based on 13 specimens; of these, a female across caught off Rockhampton, Queensland was designated as the holotype. The specific epithet ''picta'' is derived from the Latin ''pictus'' ("painted" or "colored").〔 Phylogenetic analysis using mitochondrial and nuclear DNA has found that the peppered and painted maskrays are sister species. The two are estimated to have diverged ''c.'' 10 Ma, during the Miocene.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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